PubMed/Medline is the key resource for finding articles in medical journals. This page is to complement search results from there.Another page on this site is searching using PubMed.It includes links for saved searches for hoarding disorder, such as: ‘ published in last 10 yrs‘, ‘reviews last 10yrs‘ , ‘clinical trials.’ ‘therapy last 5 years‘
The Housing page and Websites and books about hoarding disorder page for people who hoard, friends and family have more references than in this list.
This page is very long, so there is Selected Reference List that includes: some key references, review articles, and resources. Many are free.
Please note that legislation and relevant medical knowledge may have changed since they were written.
It includes resources about many topics and a range of audiences:
(This page is very long. Section numbers mean that you can jump ahead).
- Section 1 starts with this page;
- classification
- NICE and SCIE guidelines
- articles, reports and books that are formal/academic
- Section 2
- other resources; articles, reports, books
- database
- conference proceedings
- bibliographies
- Section 3
- research groups
- topics; assessment, fire
- housing. More detailed list Housing
- videos for staff
- Section 4
- information for the public
- information for people who hoard and their family/friends. More detailed list;Websites and books about hoarding disorder
- including safety
All items have a link to the full resource or description. Links are underlined and in bold.
Books and most journal articles aren’t free. NHS staff and university staff /students can access more databases, journals and books.
Classification and listing
WHO ICD -11 6B24 Hoarding disorder. Subsections on level of insight, where that is stated. Free
American Psychiatric Association(2022) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2022 [TR ]DSM 5). Hoarding disorder listing is 300.3(F42). Diagnostic Criteria are included in free article by Bratiotis, C et al
NICE & Social Care Institute for Excellence
Free.
NICE (2024) Obsessive-compulsive disorder Clinical Knowledge Summaries. It is written for primary care professionals. NICE searches for new research articles regularly. Not everyone who hoards has OCD.
NICE (2005) Obsessive-compulsive disorder and body dysmorphic disorder: treatment ;Clinical guideline [CG31] Mentions hoarding, seen as a part of OCD. (1.5.2.5 and 1.5.2.6). Literature search 20 years old. Not everyone who hoards has OCD.
Social Care Institute for Excellence Self Neglect (viewed 10/5/2024) Self-neglect at a glance They qualify that hoarding and self-neglect do not always appear together, and one does not necessarily cause the other.
Formal/ academic references
It is important to search PubMed /Medline. There are many key articles. This list is to complement that.
Articles, books and reports written for professionals, but there isnt always a clear divide between references in this section and in the next.
Clinical trials
Click this button for a Pubmed search (includes Medline);
Plus
Chen,W et al (2023)A pilot study of adapted social cognition and intervention training (SCIT) for hoarding disorder Volume 36, January 100776 9 (link is to publishers page- includes summary of results)
Dozier, Mary E., Bower, Emily S. (2022) Assessment and treatment of hoarding disorder in rural-dwelling older adults. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, Vol 53(5), Oct 2022, 458-465
Dozier, M et al (2021) The Association between Age and Experienced Emotions in Hoarding Disorder. Clin Gerontol Oct-Dec;44(5):562-566.
Stumpf,B et al (2024) A comparison between community and treatment-seeking samples of hoarding disorder Nov 22:1-5.
Selim Tumkaya et al1, (2021)Multifaceted impulsivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder with hoarding symptoms . Nord J Psychiatry Apr;75(3):207-213
Varvaras,J et al 2025)To hoard or not to hoard purchased items – does it matter? A clinical cross-sectional study on compulsive buying-shopping disorder Compr Psychiatry May:139:152588. Epub 2025 Feb 24.
Journal articles
Its important to search Pubmed/Medline too. It has major relevant articles. This list is to complement that. Page on this site. Saved searches include
Anka, A et al (2017) Social work intervention with adults who self-neglect in England – responding to the Care Act 2014 Journal of Adult Protection vol 19 (2) 67-77 (link is to abstract).
Anon (2024) The consequences of clutter Long report by a US Senate committee.
Anon (2016) Research into Hoarding Final Report(96 pages).RRR Consultancy Social Research Team. Includes detailed literature review, case studies and recommendations (p 68 of PDF)
Ayers, C.R et al (2014). Medical conditions in geriatric hoarding disorder patients. Aging and Mental Health, 18, , 148–-151.
Ayers, C.R.et al (2011). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for geriatric compulsive hoarding. Behavior Research and Therapy, 49, , 689–-694.
Barnett, D (2018) Self-Neglect and Hoarding: A Guide to Safeguarding and Support (book).
Basedau, N et al(2022) Working with hoarding disorder in older age: Using archetypal themes FPOP Bulletin, psychology of old people issues 160 (October).
Bates, E et al (2023) The role of self-reported emotional regulation strategies in hoarding behaviours in a non-clinical adult sample link is to publisher page Volume 14, December
Bates,S et al (2020) Experimental investigation of the impact of hoarding depictions in reality television on public perception. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 26, 100538.
Black,D (2022)Compulsive shopping: A review and update Curr Opin Psychol. Aug:46:101321 not indexed as hoarding. See Muller for a free review article.
Brand, M., & Müller, A. (2023). Addictive behaviors in the context of buying–shopping and hoarding disorders: Integrating components and psychological processes. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 30(1), 83–87.
Bratiotis, C et al (2019). Coordinated community-based hoarding interventions: Evidence of case management practices. Families in Society 100, (1), 93–-105
Bratiotis, C et al (2011) The Hoarding Handbook; a guide for Human Service Professionals (US) Written for staff in US agencies. Legislation will be different in the UK, and maybe some policies and agencies too.Reviews Expensive. £34+
Bratiotis, C et al (2016). Requests for help with hoarding: Who needs what from whom? Practice Innovations, 1(1), 82–88
Bratiotis C et al. (2020). Community-based interventions for hoarding: Impacts on children, youth and families. Children Australia, 45(3), 2223.
Bratiotis C et al. (2015) Hoarding Disorder: Models, Interventions, and Efficacy. FOCUS, Volume 13, Number 2
Braye,S et al (2011) Self-neglect and adult safeguarding: findings from research. Social Care Institute for Excellence.
Braye,S et al (2017) . “Self-Neglect and Hoarding.” In Safeguarding Adults under the Care Act 2014: Understanding Good Practice, edited by A. Cooper et al London: Jessica Kingsley
Brien, C. et al (2018). “Meaningless carrying-on”: A psychoanalytically-oriented qualitative study of compulsive hoarding. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 35(2), 270–279.
Brown, F et al (2014) Developing an approach to working with hoarding: space for social work Practice: Social Work in Action, 26(4), pp.211-224. Abstract.(NF)
Caiazza, Roberta et al (2018 ) Developing a psychology led multi-agency approach to hoarding disorder in older adults FPOP Bulletin; Psychology of Old People issue 142, April.
Chabaud S. (2020). Children in hoarded homes: A call for protection, prevention, intervention and compassionate care. Children Australia, 45(3), 2225.
Chen,W et al (2023)A pilot study of adapted social cognition and intervention training (SCIT) for hoarding disorder Volume 36, January 100776 9 (link is to publishers page- includes summary of results) Duplicate listing
Cherian, A. E. et al (2007). Treating Compulsive Hoarding. In M. M. Antony, C et al eds. In ‘Psychological treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: Fundamentals and beyond’ (pp. 231–249).
Crawford D. (2020). Animal hoarding and its effects on children: observations from a humane law enforcement professional. Children Australia, 45(3), 2230. free
Davidson E.J. et al(2020). Family and social functioning in adults with hoarding disorder. Children Australia, 45(3), 2226. free
Delucchi KL et al (2019) Comparing Peer-Led Support Groups with Therapist-Led Support Groups for Treating Hoarding Disorder Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) Abstract is enough- background is very long.
Dozier, Mary E., Bower, Emily S. (2022) Assessment and treatment of hoarding disorder in rural-dwelling older adults. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, Vol 53(5), Oct 2022, 458-465
Dozier, M et al (2024). Personality Profile of Rural-Dwelling Older Adults With Hoarding Disorder. Journal of Public Health in the Deep South, 4(1), 5. (psychology) linked press article
Dozier, M et al (2021) The Association between Age and Experienced Emotions in Hoarding Disorder. Clin Gerontol Oct-Dec;44(5):562-566.
Edwards,V et al (2023) Do they really care? Specificity of social support issues in hoarding disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Br J Clin Psychol 2023 Sep;62(3):573-591..in Pubmed but not indexed as clinical trial
Eugenia, S (2024) Hoarding Disorder: Pathophysiology, Treatment Modalities, and Functional Rehabilitation book. Wide range of topics, in note form. Author’s background is education, not health. No references. Much cheaper than others; £5.39
Frost, R et al (2014)The Oxford Handbook of Hoarding and Acquiring (book) Some pages are free at that link,but not those about treatment. Part of long reference list pages 117-119. £74+ for Kindle
Frost,R et al (2015) Comorbidity in hoarding disorder Focus vol 13,no 2 free
Garrett C.A. (2020). The perspective of children of hoarding parents (COHP). Children Australia, 45(3), 2227. free
Guzick A.G et al (2020). Future research directions in children and hoarding. Children Australia, 45(3), 2222 free
Haighton, C et al , (2023)“In an ideal world that would be a multiagency service because you need everybody’s expertise.” Managing hoarding disorder: A qualitative investigation of existing procedures and practices. Plos 1, Mar 9th free
Højgaard D.R.M.A. et al (2020). Assessment, treatment and the importance of early intervention of childhood hoarding. Children Australia, 45(3), 2224
Kings,C (2017) You are what you own: Reviewing the link between possessions, emotional attachment, and the self-concept in hoarding disorder Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders Volume 14, July 2017, Pages 51-58
Lehmann J. (2020). Foreword to the ‘Hoarding’ special issue. Children Australia, 45(3), 2231.free
Martineau, S et al (2021) Social care responses to self-neglect among older people: an evidence review of what works in practice, London: NIHR Policy Research Unit in Health and Social Care Workforce, The Policy Institute, King’s College London. Free full text
McGuire, J. F. et al (2013). Hoarding in the Community: A Code Enforcement and Social Service Perspective. Journal of Social Service Research, 39(3), 335–344.
McGrath , et al (2024)‘A more human approach … I haven’t found that really’: experiences of hoarding difficulties and seeking help Behav Cogn Psychother Jan;52(1):1-1 In Pubmed
Medard, E (2014) The Role of Adult Attachment and Social Support in Hoarding Disorder Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy , Volume 42 , Issue 5 , September pp. 629 – 633. A revised version of open access article
Muller,A et al (2023) Update on treatment studies for compulsive buying-shopping disorder: A systematic review J Behav Addic.Jul 13;12(3):631-651 not indexed as hoarding. See Black for another review.Free
Mulligan-Rabbitt,J e et al (2023)“Its not yours. It’s mine”: A qualitative study exploring the experience of hoarding. International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies March Volume20, Issue1, p120-137.(NF)
Muroff,J et al (2014) Group Treatment for Hoarding Disorder: Therapist Guide (Treatments That Work). (book) New York: Oxford University Press. (very expensive)
Muroff J., Chabaud S., & Storch E.A. (2020). Understanding the multiple layers of complexity associated with hoarding and children. Children Australia, 45(3), 2232 free
Neave, N., Briggs, P., McKellar, K., & Sillence, E. (2019). Digital hoarding behaviours: implications for cybersecurity. In V. Benson & J. McAlaney (Ed’s) Emerging cyber threats and cognitive vulnerabilities, chapter 5, pp 77-95. Academic Press.
Neziroglu F.et al (2020). The psychological, relational and social impact in adult offspring of parents with hoarding disorder. Children Australia, 45(3), 2229 free
Patronek,G et al (2009) A theoretical perspective to inform assessment and treatment strategies for animal hoarders.Review Clin Psychol Rev Apr;29(3):274-81. In pubmed
Orr,D et al (2019) Meaning in hoarding: perspectives of people who hoard on clutter, culture and agency, Anthropology & Medicine, 26:3, 263. Full article
Orr,D et al (2017)Working with people who hoard: Frontline Briefing Research in Practice.
Owen, J, et al (2022) Adult safeguarding managers’ understandings of self-neglect and hoarding. Health & Social Care in the Community.in pubmed
Owen,J Decluttering the homes of people with hoarding behaviours: Local authority commissioning, professional practices, and user experiences NIHR Policy Research Unit in Health and Social Care Workforce, Policy Institute, King’s College London. summary of research project results- not published yet.
Patronek,G et al (2009) A theoretical perspective to inform assessment and treatment strategies for animal hoarders.Review Clin Psychol Rev Apr;29(3):274-81. In pubmed
Pickering, D (2023)Are hoarding disorder and buying-shopping disorder behavioural addictions? A conceptual review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, Vol 30(1), Mar 2023, 70-82
Prosser, R et al(2024) Understanding stigma in hoarding disorder: A systematic review Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders Volume 41, April , 100872 . Free
Amanda I Reinisch (2008) Understanding the human aspects of animal hoarding. Can Vet J. Dec;49(12):1211–1214. in Pubmed
Ricci, G et al (2023) Hoarding Disorder: A Sociological Perspective Sci 5(2), 21. Italian authors, so its legislation that applies in Italy.
Rodriguez,C et al (2022) Hoarding Disorder: A Comprehensive Clinical Guide (book) Expensive
Ruby-Granger, V et al (2023)Struggling to manage: A constructivist grounded theory of hoarding behaviours Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology. 5 July
Soreni N. (2020). Phenomenology of childhood hoarding. Children Australia, 45(3), 2221 free
Steketee, G et al (2013) Treatment for Hoarding Disorder: Therapist Guide (2 edn) publishers page. Complements workbook for clients/patients; Steketee, G et al (2013)Treatment for Hoarding Disorder Workbook (listed later) Both are expensive.(NF)
Social Care Institute for Excellence (2014) Self-neglect policy and practice: building an evidence base for adult social care Report 69. Report of a research study.
Steils, N. e al (2022) What do we know about hoarding behaviour and treatment approaches for older people? A thematic review, NIHR Policy Research Unit in Health and Social Care Workforce, Policy Institute, King’s College London. Full report (117 pages) Summary (13 pages).free
Steils, N.Understanding and improving training offers for professionals working with people with hoarding behaviour. NIHR Policy Research Unit in Health and Social Care Workforce, Policy Institute, King’s College London.Summary of completed project- not published yet.
Steketee, G., & Frost, R. O. (2013) Treatment for Hoarding Disorder: therapist guide. Oxford University Press (book) Expensive
Steketee, G.et al (2003) Cognitive Aspects of Compulsive Hoarding Cognitive Therapy and Research 27, 463-479 Very long list of references
Sweeten, G et al (2018) Digital hoarding behaviours: Underlying motivations and potential negative consequences Volume 85, August, pages 54-60 link is to publishers site
Thompson, C ‘The impact of caregiving in Hoarding Disorder: Piloting a brief psychoeducational group for relatives of hoarders’. Thesis. Link has download option. Starts with extensive literature search. Research starts on p84 (of PDF)
Tinlin, Rowan ( 2022) ‘The role of encourager; Exploring the experiences of mental health professionals working with older adults with hoarding disorder FPOP Bulletin: Psychology of Older People 159 (July) 47-55.
Tinlin, Rowan (2022) Specialist hoarding training: Should we be providing it within our mental health teams? etc. Evaluating the utility and effectiveness of a Hoarding Disorder (HD) training package within older adult community FPOP Bulletin: Psychology of Older People 159: July ,56-64.
Tinlin, R et al The Northumberland MDT Hoarding Pathway’ (N-MDT-HP): Developing a community mental health multidisciplinary team approach to working with individuals with hoarding behaviours FPOP Bulletin: Psychology of Older People 159: 47-55.
Tinlin, R Working psychologically with older adults with hoarding disorder: a scoping review of psychological assessment, formulation and intervention. FPOP Bulletin, Psychology of Older People, issue 157
Tolin,D et al (2025) State of the Science: Hoarding Disorder and Its Treatment. Behavior therapy, 15 March. In press. Link is to publisher’s page.
Tolin, D et al (2017) CBT for Hoarding Disorder: A Group Therapy Program Therapist’s Guide.(book) Expensive.
Tompkins, M(2016) Clinician’s Guide to Severe Hoarding: A Harm Reduction Approach Great reviews, but £87+ (kindle version).British Library has an online version, but its not currently available
There is a free webinar covering some content: Tompkins,M Helping People who Hoard: Alternatives to Nagging, Pleading, and Threatening , International OCD Foundation. Webinar for families, but will also be useful for professionals.(duplicate entry)
Tompkins MA.J (2011) Working with families of people who hoard: a harm reduction approach. Clin Psychol. May;67(5):497-506. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20797. Epub 2011 Feb 28. In PubMed
Tompkins, M.et al (2009) Digging Out: Helping Your Loved One Manage Clutter, Hoarding and Compulsive Acquiring .(book) NY: New Harbinger Press.
van Roessel,P et al (2023) Hoarding disorder: Questions and controversies Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders Volume 37, April,100808 Link to publishers page, not PubMed. Review
Vilaverde, D et al (2017) Hoarding Disorder: A Case Report Frontiers in Psychiatry Volume 8 – 2017
Volkan,K (2021)Hoarding and Animal Hoarding: Psychodynamic and Transitional Aspects Psychodynamic Psychiatry Vol. 49, No. 1 NF
Walji ,F et al (2024) Hoarding disorder – Investigating the relationship between reported prior deprivation and current beliefs about fear of material deprivation Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders. vol 40 p.100861
Wheaton,(2024) Randomized waitlist-controlled trial of Buried in treasures facilitated support groups and in-home uncluttering (BIT+) for hoarding disorder In PubMed, but this is publisher’s site,listed as has free ‘snippets’ Volume 176, August Pages 58-67
Whomsley, S et al (2024) A psychological perspective on hoarding; Good Practice Guidelines (2nd edition) Link to download at the end, or direct .British Psychological Society.Information on a wide range of issues, guidance and recommendations. Extensive literature review. References
Whomsley S.R.C. (2020). An overview of hoarding difficulties in children and adolescents. Children Australia, 45(3), 2228. Long reference list.Free if follow that link.
Wilkinson J et al (2022) Animal hoarding cases in England: Implications for public health services. Front. Public Health, 30 August.Sec. Public Mental Health. Volume 10. free
Children and hoarding; special issue on hoarding Children Australia. Articles have been added to list, but if its convenient to group them together. All free.
Section 2
Other resources
Short referenced article Phillips, K et al (2023) Hoarding Disorder MSD Manual; Professional Version
Anon. What is hoarding disorder? American Psychiatric Association. Wider coverage than others eg includes assessment questions, medication, animal hoarding Summary then Q&A for public (viewed 10/10/24)
Anon Hoarding disorder for mental health professionals.
International OCD Foundation. More information about treatments than on other sites
Anon (2024) (interview with Prof Nick Neave) ‘Hoarding is a coping strategy, which has got out of hand’ 18/11 British Psychological Society
Anon Hoarding Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Council. Written for council staff and public. Long- keep scrolling down. Also listed in ‘Housing’ section (viewed 1/7/2024)
Anon Senior Moderator, Harm reduction;what it is and how to do it. Includes a list used by a Code Enforcement officer in California. reddit hoarding(viewed 13/3/2025)
Anon Spotlight on Hoarding Dumfries and Galloway Public Protection Partnership. Information plus advice on supporting people who hoard, including on home visits.
Anon WG Hoarding response organisation has a 10 steps to safety video developed with experts and has a page about harm reduction, presentation, but no audio.(viewed 1/8/2024).
Anon (2016) Research into Hoarding Final Report(96 pages).RRR Consultancy Social Research Team. Includes detailed literature review, case studies and recommendations (p 68 of PDF). Page 9 lists all legal options (does not constitute legal advice)
Anon Adult social care practitioner guidelines Vn 1 33. Self-neglect and hoarding. Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea (viewed 7/3/2024).
Anon (2015) Hoarding and how to approach it: guidance for environmental health officers and others Chartered Institute of Environmental Health. In-depth report. Includes a research study (page 14 of PDF) of councils’ environmental health departments (viewed 1/10/2024)
Anon Hoarding disorder Oxford Health Specialist Psychological Intervention Centre. Describes their service, including listing specific CBT issues. Liaises with local services. (viewed 1/6/2024).
Anon (2023)Tameside Guide to Working with People who exhibit hoarding behaviours Result of Tameside Adult Safeguarding Partnership Board’s workshop of multi-agency workers and people who hoard. News story in Social Work Today; Developing a multi-agency approach to working with adults who hoard (viewed 27/9/2023)
Anon Self-Care for Hoarding Support Workers Clouds End. One of several items in blog(viewed 1/7/24)
Anon What is animal hoarding and why is it harmful to animals? RSPCA Australia Organisations and policies may differ in UK(viewed 1/10/24.)
Anon Quick guide to hoarding disorder in children. Child Mind Institute (viewed 2/11/2024).
Anon AC and GC (Capacity: Hoarding: Best Interests) Description on a solicitors’ website of a legal case about mental capacity(viewed 1/1/2025)
Anon Think family- hoarding toolkit. Dudley council social services. Many councils publlsh information and policies, usually stressing the importance of multi-agency working. This one is very comprehensive. ‘Developed in partnership between Dudley Safeguarding People Partnership and its agencies’.
Arluke,A et al (2009) Inside Animal Hoarding: The Story of Barbara Erickson and Her 552 Dogs (New Directions in the Human-Animal Bond) case study (distressing detail). p167 literature review (but not since 2009) and discussion.
Bai,N (reporter) Virtual reality helps people with hoarding disorder practice decluttering Stanford Medicine News story about research project on Pubmed J Psychiatr Res 2023 Oct:166:25-3 2023 Aug 9
Barnet, D (2016) Hoarding and self-neglect– what social workers need to know. Community Care. August
Beecroft, S Hoarding Cambridgeshire & Peterborough Insight; Housing section Lots of practical information and tips.
Brown, F et al (2014) Developing an approach to working with hoarding: space for social work practice: Social Work in Action, 26(4), pp.211-224. Abstract.
Coyle,RA (2021) Practical Guide to Hoarding and Mental Health for Housing Lawyers (book) NB Legislation may have changed since this was written.
Dozier,M (2025) Speaking of Psychology: Digging out: Can we help people with hoarding disorder? Episode 332.Podcast but also transcript
Drummond,L et al (2025) Everything you need to know about hoarding Presented as a book for people who hoard/friends and family, but will be relevant for those who work with them too. Comprehensive range of topics, and affordable. (duplicate entry)
Frost, R et al (2015). The Hoarding of Animals: An Update. Psychiatric Times. April 30; Vol 32,Issue 4, Not an academic publication. Author is an expert. Importance is that its free. Please note that not the UK- legislation will be different.
Gibson, E A Harm Reduction Approach to Hoarding Wellington Guelph Hoarding Response.(viewed 1/1/2025) Slides only from a presentation, no audio. Information about hoarding, including using harm reduction. Listed here as its a free source of information about that. Includes references. One is an expensive key reference book; Tompkins, M.,A. (2015). Clinician’s Guide to Severe Hoarding: A Harm Reduction Approach.
Grant,L (2012) Hoarding Best Practise Guide. Mass Housing. Go to hoarding section then click on link (download) 45 pages.
Hammer,J (2020) Hoarding for Teachers: How to Help Students that Live in a Hoarded home Author US teacher. May be differences from UK. Not book- Kindle only. 99p.
Hare,R(2024) A day in the life of a hoarding practitioner Community Care, December
High,S(2020,2021)P3 Specialist Hoarding Support Service. Report, then End of project report
Kitzinger,C (2022)A case of hoarding Informal description of a Court of Protection case.
Kolberg,J (2009) What every professional organizer needs to know about hoarding Note its old. Listed as unusual to have resources for organisers. Forward is by an expert.
Matuozzo,H Self help Guide, Agency Worker’s Guide Clouds End.Materials for ‘Chaos 2 Order’ project.(viewed 1/10/2024) free
Neave, N (2024) Hoarding is a coping strategy, which has got out of hand (interview) The Psychologist 18 November
Dr. Nick Neave on Digital Hoarding “We keep possessions and form attachment to possessions. That’s what humans do.” The Big 5, episode 3 podcast
Phillips, K et al (2025) Hoarding Disorder Short, free article with references (viewed 19/9/2025)
Pike, J (2020) Speaking of Psychology: Why people hoard podcast episode 98. Also transcript
Roberts, D et al (2023) Hoarding/Clutter Toolkit. Wigan Safeguarding Partnership, Wigan Council. A very extensive example of a document written for a Safeguarding Partnership.
Sanders R. (2020). Going down with the ship: a daughter’s observations on hoarding. Children Australia, 45(3), 2220. Link. to download as PDF
Smith,P A Guide to Hoarding Best Practice Report including information and a research project. For local authorities, how they could respond to the needs of hoarders, and what these services look like in practice. Foundations
Steketee, G et al(2020) Hoarding: What Everyone Needs to Know (book) Not medical textbook. For families, and workers in the community (eg firefighters, housing officers, social workers)US, so organisations and policies may be different.
Ward, P (2021) Hoarding Guidance Southend, Essex and Thurrock Safeguarding Boards. Page 9 has page listing all the relevant English legislation (this does not count as legal information from an expert source).
Wellington Guelph Harm Hoarding Response.Harm reduction(viewed 1/1/2025)
Weir K (2020) Treating people with hoarding disorder. Vol. 51, No. 3
Print version: page 36. American Psychological Association. Continuing education. Covers more than treatment. Review. Free
Conferences
Tompkins,M Helping People who Hoard: Alternatives to Nagging, Pleading, and Threatening , International OCD Foundation. Webinar for families, but will also be useful for professionals.(duplicate entry)
New perspectives on hoarding behaviours from psychology, law & social care 08 February 2024 presentations: There is an (edited) video, plus the links below to slides
1. Neave.N The Hoarding Research Group & UK Hoarding Partnership
2. Spencer-Lane,T Self-neglect, hoarding, executive functioning and the law (Government Legal Department; Kingston University)
3. Owen,J et al Decluttering support for people with hoarding behaviours: A service and intervention built on trust
4. Wainman,S : Collaboration, technology, and support in hoarding
5. Nicole Steils Social care responses to self-neglect and hoarding among older people: What works in practice
Edited audio . There are also links to each presentation’s slides from the title link above. ‘Making Research Count’ the NIHR Health and Social Care Workforce Research Unit at King’s College London. 08 February 2024
Tinlin -Dixon,R(2019) Understanding the person behind the possessions; beliefs in hoarding disorder Poster BABCP Annual Conference 2019
Tompkins,M Helping people who hoard; alternatives to nagging,pleading and threatening Webinar for families, but more like one for professionals. International OCD Foundation . (viewed 1/10/2024)
Bibliographies
A mixture of references for professionals and for people who hoard,friends/families. US, so some of websites are not relevant to UK
Hoarding Reference Materials Saginaw Hoarding Task Force
Masshousuing hoarding bibliography Go to hoarding section and select
Massachusetts Hoarding Resources Directory (download) Compiled by leading experts.
Science Direct search ‘hoarding‘ references may be in PubMed ,advantage is that an article that’s not free has ‘snippets’ here. Can limit the search to free full text.
Some journals have long lists of reference eg
Lin,N et al (2023) Hoarding Disorder: The Current Evidence in Conceptualization, Intervention, and Evaluation Psychiatr Clin North Am Mar;46(1):181-196. Epub 2022 Dec 13. LInk is to publisher’s page as it includes 117 references. Not free.
Tolin,D (2015) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Hoarding Disorder; a meta-analysis. J.Depress Anxiety. Mar;32(3):158-66. Extensive reference list. Many are more than 10 years old, so would be missed in a search limited to that.
Section 3
Research groups, including details of ongoing research and publications (not checked if included on PubMed)
The ARU Possessions and Hoarding Collective (UK).
Kings College NIHR policy research unit in Health and Social Care Workforce has a list of publications about hoarding (UK). Not all are relevant.
The Hoarding Research Group; relevant publications Northumbria University. Academic group who works alongside the UK Hoarding Partnership of professionals working with people who hoard (presentation). (UK)
Other key UK researchers include
Paul Salkovskis at Oxford University
Stephen Kellett at Sheffield University
James Gregory at Cardiff University
Victoria Ruby-Granger at De Montfort University, Leicester
Hoarding Research Team, Boston University (US) Some key experts work there
Topics
Assessment
There are at least 12. Some are:
Clutter Image Rating and Assessment Tool Guidelines in Barnsley self-neglect and hoarding policy (viewed 1/62024).Used most widely
Saving Inventory-Revised on International OCD Foundation’s clinical assessment page, with details (viewed 1/62024). Most widely used
Hoarding Rating Scale on International OCD Foundation’s clinical assessment page, with details (viewed 1/62024).
Perdusa A et al (2013) The Structured Interview for Hoarding Disorder (SIHD): Development, usage and further validation, Version 2.
ICD Clutter–Hoarding Scale. Institute for Challenging Disorganization. Assessment measurement tool, with 5 levels. Health and safety for professional organisers and others (non-professional) (viewed 1/62024). Widely used.
Uniform inspection checklist Centre for Hoarding and Cluttering. For individuals and agencies. Author social worker with hoarding expertise. Detailed and specific eg Pathways – Minimum of 36″/91cm wide.
(Ong, C(2021)A systematic review and psychometric evaluation of self-report measures for hoarding disorder J Affect Disord 2021 Jul 1:290:136-148 lists the first 10 on this page)
Fire
Anon Community case studies ; hoarding. Part of hoarding section, Hampshire and Isle of Wight Fire service (viewed 1/6/24).
Lucini, G et al (2009) An Analysis of fire Incidents Involving Hoarding Households Dissertation.
Advice, training and guidance for professionals Avon Fire and Rescue Includes free online training for people who work with hoarders (viewed 25/2/2024).
Hoarding; some myths and truths. Chief Fire Officers Association (viewed 25/5/2024).
Duvanna,P (2019) Hoarding and fire safety London Fire Brigade. Slides from a presentation.
Your London Fire Brigade 2023-2029 written for the public. Doesnt mention hoarding specifically, but it falls in their aim ‘To target London’s most vulnerable people’ (page 33) Assessment of risk document includes hoarding as a ‘behavioural vulnerability.’
Anon (2023) Firefighters offer support to those with hoarding tendencies over concerns cost of living crisis could increase fire risk. London Fire Brigade Describes risks with descriptions of fires.
Hoarders: ‘Help needed to cut fire-deaths risk’ in Wales BBC (viewed 3/5/2024).
Resources for people who hoard:
Hoarding Humberside fire and rescue.
Hoarding disorder. Written for carers and support workers, not people who hoard. London Fire Brigade
Fire safety at home (general) LFB
(also in ‘safety’ further down this page)
Housing
There will be some overlap in content. The results show the range of agencies involved.
Anon (2015)Professional Practice Note: Hoarding and how to approach it; guidance for Environmental Health Officers and others Chartered Institute of Environmental Health. Includes a research study (page 14 of PDF) of councils’ environmental health departments.
Anon (2021) Hoarding; report into best practice ,Foundations
Hoarding Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Council. Written for council staff and public. Long- keep scrolling down.
Anon ‘Hoarding is more than just a fire risk’ Inside Housing. (viewed 15/5/2024) housing association’s project to raise residents’ awareness of safety issues.
Gardelli,S (2022) Social housing tenants and hoarding behaviour:
a landlords’ perspective Research report.
Larkin, P (2024) Assessment of Critical Health and Safety Risks in Homes where Hoarding is Prevalent. Journal of Community Health Feb;49(1):8-16 (in Pubmed)
Onward Help with Hoarding . ‘Outside the Box’ approach. Team of expert staff. Also has links to several peer support groups ‘Hoarders helping hoarders’.
Magos, N (2021) A Guide to Hoarding Best Practice Foundations (National Home Improvement Associations), written to encourage local authorities to see hoarding is an important issue and possible actions. Includes a research study.
McPhillps,M (2015) Hoarding; key considerations and examples of good practice. National Housing Federation (viewed 7/7/2024)
Metro Boston Hoarding Partnership (2015) Rethinking hoarding intervention
Porter,P (2022) Council tenancies and hoarding behaviours: A study with a large social landlord in England Health Soc Car Community Nov;30(6):2292-2299. (in Pubmed)
Robb Ket al (2021), Further Inspection: Integrating Housing Code Enforcement and Social Services to Improve Community Health.J.Int J Environ Res Public Health. Nov 16;18(22):12014 (USA research) in Pubmed
Slatter, M. (2008). Treasures, Trash and Tenure: Hoarding and Housing Risk. People, Place and Policy, 2(1), pp. 28-36. Discussion, literature review, case studies
Single homeless Project Hoarding disorder and homelessness (viewed 7/7/2024)
Videos for staff Keith’s story: a personal and touching film about hoarding Birmingham Safeguarding Adults Board. To raise awareness and guide professionals on intervention
My home is my castle; an emotional story about hoarding To raise awareness and guide staff on what helps best. Commentary with clear actions by an expert. Sponsored by Raven Housing Trust, a housing association.
Section 4
Resources for the public
Search Google News for ‘hoarding’. The results include ones about advertising hoardings.
Hill (2025) I just didn’t see mess’: help emerges for children of parents who hoard Guardian 9th Feb
Martin,D.(2024) Artist’s animation aims to help people with hoarding disorder 25th May. BBC. Artist is the child of someone who hoards. Range of agencies support it. Positive review by an expert. Seeking funding.
Audio Interview with Professor Nick Neave BBC Sounds. Background article with key points. 30th May 2024
Audio or transcript Pike,J Why people hoard American Psychological Association
People share their stories /case studies
Video and text ‘I’m a hoarder – it’s my mess and it’s who I am’ Case study plus details of a conference. BBC 1 November 2024
Emily Coady-Stemp (2024)‘I just kept collecting, collecting, collecting’ BBC news 16th May
The Hoarder Who Can’t Get into His Own House (recommended on a safeguarding site) He gets help from informal experts.
Shackle, S (2023)You reach a point where you can’t live your life; ‘what is behind extreme hoarding?’ ‘Long read’ 4 July Guardian
Videos
Hampton, M Possessed (video) Done in liaison with Satwat Singh and his group, so they see they have a problem.
Britain’s Biggers Hoarders is actually not melodramatic -a supportive person
My Mother the Compulsive Hoarder – a Case Study
Information for people who hoard, their friends and family
There is a separate page of resources.
There are many websites and books. A lot of the content will be similar, so Its choosing which the person prefers.
Websites
MIND Hoarding Clear, comprehensive information
NHS Hoarding disorder Shorter. Not written for hoarders. No self help. Valuable as proof that its a mental disorder, and that there is treatment.
Holmes, S et al (2024) Understanding Hoarding British Psychological Society Describes the ideal care, which may be unusual.
(2016) Hoarding Royal College of Psychiatry. Describes the ideal care, which may be unusual
Robinson, L et al Hoarding Disorder: Help for Hoarders Helpguide.org. Much longer than the others. Staff include a psychologist.(viewed 1/7/2024)
Understanding Hoarding. British Psychological Society. Lots of information, including useful actions (page 15- 19)
Anon That Hoarder; overcome compulsive hoarding podcast , also blog,newsletter and web information written by someone who hoards. (ads) (viewed 1/7/2024)
Clouds End Scroll down page for blog. includes Self Care for Hoarding Support Workers. Wide range of services, including training.(viewed 1/7/2024)
Hoarding Disorder UK (not information) support groups, including online, training.(viewed 1/7/2024)
Hoarding Support has information plus a peer-support anonymous forum Several threads
Hoarding UK Activities include: information, help and advice, advocacy and an online support group. Has a list of support groups, starting with its own.
Reddit Hoarding anonymous peer support site. Moderated
Books
There are many books. These were written by experts.:
Cooke. J (2021) Understanding Hoarding: Reclaim your space and your life. UK
Singh, S (2015) Overcoming hoarding ; A self-help guide with cognitive behavioural techniques. UK
Tolin, D (2013) Buried in treasures; Help for compulsive acquiring, saving and hoarding Long.so some information may be different. Used in some treatment programmes Expensive. Print £18+, Kindle £11+
Frost,R et al (2010) Stuff: Compulsive Hoarding and the Meaning of Things. New
York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt USA
Drummond, L and Edwards,L (2025) Everything You Need to Know About Hoarding
For adult friends and family
Anon My Mother the Compulsive Hoarder – a Case Study Harley Therapy blog (viewed 1/7/24)
Neziroglu ,F and others (2013). Children of Hoarders: How to Minimize Conflict, Reduce the Clutter, and Improve Your Relationship. Kindle only
Tompkins, M (2009) Digging Out: Helping Your Loved One Manage Clutter, Hoarding, and Compulsive Acquiring
WG Hoarding response organisation Support a loved one (counselling services not relevant for UK)
Book for children
Crangle,C (2017) Priscilla Pack Rat; Making Room for Friendship (link to information) Includes section for parents/care givers. For age 4-8. Amazon listing Kindle only
Safety
WG Hoarding response organisation has 10 steps to safety video developed with experts. There is also content about an harm reduction approach (viewed 1/7/2024)
Fire
Hoarding Humberside fire and rescue (viewed 10/1/2025)
Hoarding disorder.London Fire Brigade (viewed 10/1/2025) Written for carers and support workers, not people who hoard!
Fire Safety at home (general information). London Fire Brigade
Falls
Falls-Prevention NHS. Written for older people, but parts are relevant for younger people who hoard too.
New pages- feedback welcome Contact About
Fiona McLean Health information professional.
Hoarding disorder references 